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In 1943, the Allies decided to land in Italy. Two army corps, one commanded by Clark, the other by Montgomery, set foot in the Gulf of Salerno and Calabria. On site, after some success with taking Naples, the troops face a strong Nazi resistance. Field Marshal Kesselring had indeed ordered the German soldiers to hold their position.
After the Allied invasion in September 1943 and Italy's surrender, General Mark Clark's U.S. Fifth Army pursued the German forces of Field Marshal Albert Kesselring into the Apennine mountains. There the Allies confronted a formidable system of mountain defenses and ferocious winter weather. A radical solution was needed to break the impasse--and in...